›File at EPO; PCT national phase within 31 months
›European Search Report issued
›Examination on absolute and relative grounds
›Grant decision; patent validated nationally (or as Unitary Patent)
›Unitary Patent: request unitary effect post-grant — covers 18 EU states with single renewal fee
›UPC: single court for infringement and revocation — pan-European injunctions possible
›Annual renewal fees payable to each national office or EPO (Unitary Patent)
›EUTM: one application at EUIPO covers all 27 EU member states
›Filing fee: ~€1,050 for one class (online)
›Examination for absolute grounds; relative grounds via opposition only
›Opposition: 3 months from publication
›Non-use vulnerability after 5 years
›Madrid Protocol: international application can designate EU (EUTM)
›UK (post-Brexit) requires separate UKIPO filing
›Registered Community Design (RCD) at EUIPO: covers all 27 EU states
›Hague System: international design application can designate EU
›Term: 5 years from filing, renewable 4 times (25 years total)
›Deferred publication available for up to 30 months